Scientists launch first-ever quantum computer in space

For the first time ever, a quantum computer is now operating in space, orbiting the Earth aboard a small satellite launched on 23 June.

Built by a team led by physicist Philip Walther at the University of Vienna, the machine marks a major step in efforts to shrink quantum computing from sprawling lab setups to compact, energy-efficient systems. This particular device occupies just three litres of space and runs on only 10 watts of power — roughly the same as an LED bulb.

The machine is a photonic quantum computer, meaning it performs calculations using photons, the basic particles of light. Such machines are often highly sensitive, requiring stable environments and controlled temperatures. This mission is a first-of-its-kind test of whether such delicate equipment can survive and function amid the extreme conditions of space.

"The hardware is now operational," said Walther. The team will soon begin demonstrations of its capabilities.

There is a good reason to try. Satellites typically process data such as images before sending them back to Earth. Quantum computers could perform this task faster and more efficiently, saving both time and energy. In the future, they could support secure communications and perform complex tasks such as machine learning.

Though still experimental, the technology holds enormous promise. "Being the first here also means we have the duty and privilege to investigate if things operate in the way as we would be used to on the ground," Walther said.