Exposure to polluted air remains a health concern in Bangladesh
Pollutants from vehicular emissions, including nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide, can irritate mucous membranes, affecting the eyes, nose, throat and stomac
Air pollution in Bangladesh poses significant health risks, particularly during peak periods such as December and January when pollution levels remain high. However, even at lower concentrations, exposure can still lead to adverse health effects.
Pollutants from vehicular emissions, including nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide, can irritate mucous membranes, affecting the eyes, nose, throat and stomach. Exposure may also increase the likelihood of chest infections, making individuals more susceptible to respiratory illnesses such as influenza and pneumonia.
Fine particulate matter, particularly PM2.5 and PM10 from dust and fires, can penetrate deep into the lungs. This may lead to scarring and reduced lung capacity, limiting the body's ability to absorb oxygen effectively.
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Lower oxygen levels in the body can contribute to cardiovascular conditions, including Ischemic heart disease. This may increase the risk of heart attacks, arrhythmias, strokes and blood pressure-related complications.
Due to its small size, PM2.5 can enter the bloodstream through the lungs and circulate throughout the body. This may affect multiple organs, including the liver and kidneys, and can also damage blood vessels. There may also be impacts on reproductive health and fertility.
Key health effects include:
- Irritation of eyes, nose, throat and other mucous membranes
- Increased risk of respiratory infections such as pneumonia
- Reduced lung function and long-term lung damage
- Increased risk of lung cancer
- Cardiovascular complications, including Ischemic heart disease
- Potential damage to organs such as the liver and kidneys
- Possible effects on reproductive health and fertility
Children exposed to high levels of pollution may face developmental challenges linked to respiratory issues, including impaired growth and cognitive effects. Repeated respiratory infections can also increase the likelihood of long-term health complications.
Pregnant women are also at risk, with exposure linked to higher chances of miscarriage, stillbirth, premature birth and low birth weight.
