Human trafficking by sea: A growing crisis
For years, an organised human trafficking network has been operating in and around Cox’s Bazar, targeting young men and women in refugee camps and trafficking them to countries such as Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia
Human trafficking through maritime routes has been increasing at an alarming rate, particularly in the Bangladesh–Myanmar border region. Trafficking networks have become increasingly active by exploiting three key factors: the ongoing conflict in Rakhine State, economic hardship, and the uncertainty surrounding the repatriation of Rohingya refugees from Bangladesh.
A recent tragic incident in the Andaman Sea, where a trawler capsized, leaving at least 250 people—including women and children—missing, highlights the severity of the situation. It is believed that the vessel departed from the Teknaf coast, lured by organised trafficking syndicates with promises of reaching Malaysia.
Overcrowding, adverse weather conditions, and rough seas reportedly caused the vessel to lose balance and sink. Among the missing were both Rohingya refugees and Bangladeshi nationals, deepening public concern.
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Following brutal Myanmar's military operations in 2017, nearly 800,000 Rohingya fled to Bangladesh. Currently, over one million Rohingya reside in 33 refugee camps in Ukhiya and Teknaf. However, limited access to basic services, lack of education and employment opportunities, and uncertainty over repatriation are driving some of them toward dangerous sea journeys.
In this context, both "push" and "pull" factors are clearly evident.
On one hand, economic hardship and insufficient humanitarian support compel individuals to leave; on the other, stories of success abroad attract others. Trafficking networks exploit this situation by luring vulnerable people with false promises of a better life.
For years, an organised human trafficking network has been operating in and around Cox's Bazar, targeting young men and women in refugee camps and trafficking them to countries such as Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia. This situation is not only a humanitarian crisis but also a serious threat to national security and international reputation.
Given these circumstances, it is crucial to strengthen surveillance by law enforcement agencies, including APBN, BGB, and the Coast Guard. At the same time, trafficking syndicates must be identified and brought under the law, ensuring exemplary punishment. Delays in the judicial process must be reduced to ensure swift and effective justice, preventing repeat offenses.
The Rohingya crisis is a complex international issue that requires a sustainable solution. Therefore, the international community, the United Nations, and relevant agencies—particularly UNHCR and IOM—must play a more active and coordinated role. Their efforts are essential to ensure the safe, voluntary, and dignified repatriation of the Rohingya people.
In conclusion, the grim reality of human trafficking reflects prolonged displacement, limited opportunities, inactivity within camps, and the absence of a sustainable solution. Addressing this issue requires coordinated efforts, strict law enforcement, and strong international collaboration. Effective implementation of the "Prevention and Suppression of Human Trafficking Act, 2012" and the proper application of the "National Referral Mechanism (NRM)" are also essential.
From grassroots to district, Upazila (sub-district), and Union levels, regular meetings, law-and-order discussions, reporting mechanisms, public awareness campaigns, and timely action plans are vital to effectively combat this crisis.
