Heart attack risk can be predicted five years ahead, says cardiologist
For individuals with risk factors such as diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or a long history of smoking, Dr Chowdhury stressed the importance of undergoing echocardiogram (ECHO) and ETT tests whenever chest pain occurs, regardless of age
The risk of a heart attack can be detected up to five years in advance through an exercise tolerance test (ETT), according to Dr Amal Kumar Chowdhury, head of the cardiology department at Universal Medical College and Cardiac Hospital.
Speaking to The Business Standard, Dr Chowdhury explained that an ETT can forecast the likelihood of a heart attack within the next five years.
"If an artery is more than 50% blocked, the ETT result will turn positive. In such cases, angiography helps guide treatment decisions, including whether stenting is necessary. Even with a 30–40% blockage, lifestyle changes - such as exercise, weight reduction, and a diet rich in vegetables - can reduce or even reverse the condition," he said.
Keep updated, follow The Business Standard's Google news channel
For individuals with risk factors such as diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or a long history of smoking, Dr Chowdhury stressed the importance of undergoing echocardiogram (ECHO) and ETT tests whenever chest pain occurs, regardless of age.
He recommended that people above the age of 30 undergo ECHO and ETT tests every five years - at ages 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50. After 50, these tests should be done annually.
"While ECHO shows valve activity, ETT provides a five-year predictive value," he noted.
Dr Chowdhury further emphasised that maintaining a healthy lifestyle is key to heart health.
"Regular physical activity, staying mentally cheerful, eating nutritious food, and routine heart checkups are crucial to maintaining a strong heart," he added.
This year, World Heart Day - observed on Monday - was marked with the theme "Don't Miss a Beat."
The campaign highlighted the value of every heartbeat, reminding people that good heart health means more precious time with loved ones.
The message carries particular urgency in Bangladesh, where cardiovascular disease is on the rise. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), non-communicable diseases account for 67% of all deaths in the country, with cardiovascular diseases alone responsible for nearly 30%.
Data from the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) shows that in 2022, 17.45% of all deaths in Bangladesh were caused by heart attacks. When combined with other heart diseases (3.67%), cardiovascular problems accounted for 21.12% of all deaths nationwide.
