Gen Z in Nepal voices frustration over unfulfilled promises

Protests in Kathmandu that began on 8 September escalated into violent clashes, leaving 76 people dead and over 2,300 injured. Led largely by "Gen Z" activists, the demonstrations resulted in the appointment of Nepal's first female prime minister, retired Supreme Court judge Sushila Karki, on 12 September. Karki pledged to hold parliamentary elections in March, but since assuming office, her interim government has faced criticism from many protesters who had expected sweeping reforms.

"I regret taking part in the protests because the government we helped bring to power has delivered nothing," said Mukesh Awasti, who was injured during the demonstrations. "Corruption continues, and those responsible for shooting demonstrators remain unpunished." So far, the government's anti-corruption body has filed only one case, which excludes key political figures. Many politicians accused of wrongdoing are preparing to run in upcoming elections, and no action has been taken against leaders responsible for the September violence.

Protesters, including those wounded during the unrest, have returned to the streets near the prime minister's office, demanding that promises be fulfilled. "Families lost loved ones, many were injured, and what has been done? Nothing," said Suman Bohara, who walks on crutches.

The original protests, sparked by a social media ban, drew tens of thousands of young people calling for an end to corruption, improved governance, and greater opportunities. Demonstrators clashed with police, attempted to enter parliament, and were met with gunfire. Nationwide unrest followed, with mobs attacking political offices and homes, forcing leaders to flee by helicopter. The army restored order, and Karki's interim government was tasked with overseeing elections.

Analysts say the Gen Z movement lacks unity and clear leadership. Some oppose the March elections, demanding immediate action on corruption, while others support elections to bring in reform-minded lawmakers. Nepal's constitution does not define rules for forming an interim government, leaving its authority and mandate unclear. Experts warn that while March polls remain uncertain, no alternative path exists for resolving the political crisis.