How to cope with worsening allergy seasons

As climate change accelerates, allergy seasons are becoming more severe, starting earlier, lasting longer, and exposing people to higher levels of pollen. 

Scientists attribute these shifts to rising carbon dioxide levels, which drive global warming and affect plant growth, reports Harvard Health Publishing. 

The increase in greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, leads to higher temperatures, impacting the way plants use energy and grow. 

According to Dr Amanda Dilger, an ENT specialist at Harvard-affiliated Massachusetts Eye and Ear, plants like ragweed and grass are now producing more pollen and expanding into new geographic regions.

A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) found nationwide pollen levels surged by up to 21% between 1990 and 2018. This shift is directly linked to longer growing seasons and the spread of allergenic plants.

Why allergy seasons are getting worse

Seasonal allergies occur when the immune system overreacts to harmless substances such as pollen, triggering symptoms like congestion, runny nose, sneezing, and itchy eyes.

Longer allergy seasons pose multiple challenges. Increased pollen levels can worsen outdoor air quality and intensify symptoms. Additionally, shifting allergy timelines make it harder for individuals to predict and prepare for peak allergy periods, potentially delaying treatment. The overlap between allergy symptoms and respiratory illnesses, such as colds or infections, can also cause confusion, making early diagnosis and management crucial.

How to manage allergy symptoms

As worsening allergy seasons become the new normal, experts recommend proactive measures to minimize exposure and manage symptoms effectively. Dr. Dilger suggests taking the following steps:

Consult a healthcare provider: If you experience new or worsening symptoms—such as nasal congestion, facial pressure, or fatigue—seek medical advice to rule out infections or other nasal conditions.

Monitor pollen levels: Check daily pollen counts and begin taking allergy medications in advance, especially if high pollen levels are forecasted.

Reduce outdoor exposure: Stay indoors with windows closed on windy or high-pollen days. Limit activities like gardening and lawn mowing, which can increase exposure.

Wear protective gear: If going outdoors, wear a disposable mask and change clothes upon returning inside. Shower to remove pollen from skin and hair.

Improve indoor air quality: Use air conditioning with a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter and a dehumidifier to minimize allergens indoors.

With climate change continuing to drive longer and more intense allergy seasons, taking proactive steps is essential for managing symptoms and reducing exposure. 

By staying informed and implementing preventive strategies, allergy sufferers can better cope with these environmental shifts and maintain their well-being.