Maharashtra passes conversion law; opposition flags privacy and targeting fears
The bill seeks to curb religious conversions carried out through coercion, fraud, allurement or deception, and introduces a process requiring individuals to notify authorities of voluntary conversions, which must then be verified
Lawmakers in Maharashtra passed the Maharashtra Freedom of Religion Bill, 2026, late on March 16 after a contentious debate, with opposition parties voicing concerns that the legislation could be used to target specific communities.
The bill seeks to curb religious conversions carried out through coercion, fraud, allurement or deception, and introduces a process requiring individuals to notify authorities of voluntary conversions, which must then be verified, says IANS.
The ruling Mahayuti alliance, led by Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis, said the measure is necessary to prevent misuse of religion and insisted it applies equally to all faiths. Fadnavis also cited Article 25 of the Indian Constitution, saying while it guarantees the right to profess and propagate religion, conversions through inducement or pressure are not acceptable.
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However, opposition parties raised objections during the debate, arguing the law could be discriminatory in practice. Members of the Maha Vikas Aghadi were divided, with Shiv Sena (UBT) backing the bill, while the Indian National Congress, Nationalist Congress Party (Sharad Pawar faction) and Samajwadi Party opposed it.
Opponents said the requirement for prior notification and official verification could infringe on individual privacy and personal liberty. They also warned the law might be used to harass interfaith couples or restrict legitimate religious expression.
Some lawmakers suggested the bill was not entirely neutral despite government assurances, pointing to broader concerns seen in similar laws enacted in other states. Supporters of the bill rejected those claims, saying they were based on "rumours or misconceptions".
The debate turned briefly disruptive when Jitendra Awhad of the NCP (SP), speaking against the bill, referred to historical events including the coronation of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, triggering protests in the assembly. Awhad later apologised for the remarks.
Maharashtra joins states such as Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Rajasthan and Odisha that have enacted similar legislation.
The bill will now be referred to the state's Legislative Council for further consideration.
