Why Bangladesh's tobacco control law amendment is crucial

The ongoing health crisis caused by tobacco use in Bangladesh has increasingly become an emergency concern. The devastating impact of tobacco-related diseases is well-documented, and the need for stricter tobacco control measures is urgent. Tobacco kills over 161,000 people every year in Bangladesh, with 442 daily deaths attributed to it. 

There are currently about 1.5 million adults suffering from tobacco-attributable illnesses in Bangladesh. More than 61,000 children (below age 15) are suffering from diseases caused by exposure to secondhand smoke. The proposed amendment of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) to Bangladesh's Tobacco Control Law offers a crucial opportunity to protect public health and save lives.

Tobacco use remains a leading cause of preventable death and disease globally. In Bangladesh, the prevalence of tobacco use is alarmingly high; 35.3% of all adult people are addicted to cigarettes, bidis, and other tobacco products, including 46% of men and 25.2% of women (Bangladesh Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2017). This addiction not only harms individuals but also places a significant burden on the healthcare system and the economy.

The proposed amendment of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) for the Tobacco Control Law is a step in the right direction. It includes several key provisions that will strengthen tobacco control efforts in Bangladesh: 

Repeal Sections 4 and 7 of the current law: This would eliminate Designated Smoking Areas (DSAs) in all public places and public transport. Currently, the law allows for DSAs in certain settings, like hotels and restaurants above a specific size. 

Prohibit the display of tobacco products from points of sale: Point-of-sale displays act as a form of advertising, particularly influencing young people. Removing them reduces the visibility and appeal of tobacco products. 

Completely ban all forms of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs by tobacco companies: Tobacco companies would be prohibited from engaging in any CSR activities, such as sponsoring events, donating to charities, or running public health campaigns. 

Completely ban all emerging tobacco products, including e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products: E-cigarettes and heated tobacco products contain nicotine and other harmful substances. They can lead to addiction, particularly among young people, and serve as a gateway to traditional tobacco use. A complete ban prevents their normalisation and protects public health. 

Increase the size of pictorial health warnings on tobacco product packaging from 50% to 90%: Larger, more prominent warnings are more effective in discouraging tobacco use. They increase awareness of the health risks and counter the appeal of tobacco packaging. 

Prohibit the sale of loose sticks of cigarettes/bidis, unpackaged, and loose smokeless tobacco products: Selling loose sticks makes tobacco more affordable and accessible, particularly to young people and low-income individuals. This ban would help reduce consumption and protect vulnerable groups.

These measures are essential to reducing tobacco consumption and protecting public health. However, the success of the amendment depends on its effective implementation and enforcement. It is crucial that the government takes a strong stance against the tobacco industry and prioritises the health and well-being of its citizens.

The time for inaction is over. The health of millions hangs in the balance. We must demand swift action from our government to pass the Tobacco Control Law amendment. 

This will not only save lives but also contribute to a healthier and more prosperous nation. By taking decisive action, Bangladesh can demonstrate its commitment to public health and set an example for other countries in the region.

Dr Nizam Uddin Ahmed is the Executive Director of the Shastho Shurokkha Foundation and Chairman of Gavi CSOs Steering Committee and Senior Public Health Expert.

Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinions and views of The Business Standard.